Articles on programming languages, distributed systems, and the tools engineers use every day. Written by Aliaksei Kankou.
Is Java compiled or interpreted? Java compiles source code to bytecode via javac, then the JVM interprets it and applies tiered JIT compilation — C1 and C2 — to progressively optimize hot code into native machine code.
Is JavaScript really interpreted or compiled? JavaScript is neither purely interpreted nor compiled. Modern V8 uses a four-tier pipeline — Ignition Interpreter, Sparkplug, Maglev, and TurboFan — to dynamically decide how to execute your code.
A cold start delay occurs when new Kubernetes nodes take too long to become operational. AWS Warm Pool pre-warms EC2 instances in a stopped or hibernated state, enabling rapid cluster scaling with near-zero initialization delay.
HTTPS secures web communication using TLS over TCP. Walk through the TCP handshake, certificate validation, session key exchange, and encrypted data transfer — with diagrams for each step.
